Class: Antiallergic Agents
VA Class: OP300
Chemical Name: 9-Methyl-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrido[1,2a]pyrimidin-4-one potassium salt
Molecular Formula: C10H7KN6O
CAS Number: 100299-08-9
Brands: Alamast
Introduction
Mast-cell stabilizer.1
Uses for Pemirolast Potassium
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Prevention of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.1
Pemirolast Potassium Dosage and Administration
Administration
Ophthalmic Administration
Apply topically to the eye as an ophthalmic solution.1 Not for injection or oral use.1
Avoid contamination of the solution container.1
Dosage
Available as pemirolast potassium; dosage expressed in terms of the salt.1
Initiate therapy before and continue throughout pollen season.4 5 6 7
Pediatric Patients
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmic
Children ≥3 years of age: 1 or 2 drops of a 0.1% solution in the affected eye(s) 4 times daily.1
Symptomatic response (i.e., decreased itching) may be evident within a few days following initiation but frequently requires up to 4 weeks of therapy.1 2 3
Adults
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmic
1 or 2 drops of a 0.1% solution in the affected eye(s) 4 times daily.1
Symptomatic response (i.e., decreased itching) may be evident within a few days following initiation but frequently requires up to 4 weeks of therapy.1 2 3
Cautions for Pemirolast Potassium
Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to pemirolast or any ingredient in the formulation.1
Warnings/Precautions
Specific Populations
Pregnancy
Category C.1
Lactation
Distributed into milk in rats; not known whether distributed into human milk.1 Caution if used in nursing women.1
Pediatric Use
Safety and efficacy not established in children <3 years of age.1
Common Adverse Effects
Headache, rhinitis, cold/flu symptoms.1
Interactions for Pemirolast Potassium
No formal drug interaction studies to date.8
Pemirolast Potassium Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Bioavailability
Following topical application to both eyes (0.1% solution 4 times daily for 2 weeks), peak plasma concentrations were attained within about 25 minutes, but were substantially lower than those following a single (10 mg) oral dose.1
Elimination
Elimination Route
10–15% of topical ophthalmic dose excreted unchanged in urine.1
Half-life
About 4.5 hours.1
Stability
Storage
Ophthalmic
Solution
15–25°C.1
ActionsActions
Suppresses the release of mediators from cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions, including mast cells, and decreases chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils.1
Reportedly blocks calcium channels in mast cell membranes.1
Advice to Patients
Importance of learning and adhering to proper administration techniques to avoid contamination of the product.1
Importance of removing soft contact lenses prior to administration of each dose.1 Delay reinsertion for 10 minutes after administration if eyes are not red; do not wear contact lenses if eye(s) are red.1 Not indicated for contact lens-related irritation.1
Importance of reporting any worsening of symptoms or new-onset ocular pain/discomfort.8
Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.1
Importance of informing patients of other important precautionary information.1 (See Cautions.)
Preparations
Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.
Routes | Dosage Forms | Strengths | Brand Names | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ophthalmic | Solution | 0.1% | Alamast (with lauralkonium chloride) | Vistakon |
Disclaimer
This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.
The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com represent that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com make no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com do not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.
AHFS Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2011, Selected Revisions September 2005. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
References
1. Santen Incorporated. Alamast (pemirolast potassium) ophthalmic solution prescribing information. Napa, CA; 2000. From Santen web site.
2. Anon. New drugs for allergic conjunctivitis. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000; 42:39-40. [PubMed 10825920]
3. Schwartz EM, Abelson MB, McGarr PJ et al. A placebo controlled evaluation of the ocular efficacy and safety of 0.1% pemirolast potassium ophthalmic in subjects with acute seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998; 39:S66.
4. Ciprandi G, Buscaglia S, Cerqueti PM et al. Drug treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: a review of the evidence. Drugs. 1992; 43:154-76. [IDIS 360840] [PubMed 1372215]
5. Morrow GL, Abbott RL. Conjunctivitis. Am Fam Physician. 1998; 57:735-46. [IDIS 418448] [PubMed 9490996]
6. Titi MJ. A critical look at ocular allergy drugs. Am Fam Physician. 1996; 53:2637-42. [IDIS 367250] [PubMed 8644576]
7. Galindez OA, Kaufman HE. Coping with the itchy-burnies: the management of allergic conjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. 1996; 103:1335-6. [IDIS 373485] [PubMed 8841290]
8. Santen, Napa, CA: Personal communication.
a. Alamast (pemirolast potassium) ophthalmic solution prescribing information. In: PDR.net [database online]. Montvale, NJ: Thomson Healthcare; 2004.
More Pemirolast Potassium resources
- Pemirolast Potassium Side Effects (in more detail)
- Pemirolast Potassium Dosage
- Pemirolast Potassium Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Pemirolast Potassium Support Group
- 2 Reviews for Pemirolast Potassium - Add your own review/rating
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- Conjunctivitis, Allergic
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